These are the husks, not the nuts. Every autumn a beech, Fagus sylvatica, drops its seed in a woody four-lobed case called a cupule, and once the nuts have shaken out the empty cases lie scattered across the woodland floor. Those cases are what is in the bag. The hobby often calls them beech mast, though mast strictly means the nut crop itself, the food that brings in jays and squirrels and once fattened village pigs. What you have here is the packaging. It is a small distinction that happens to be worth making, because beech nuts carry oxalic acid and are mildly toxic in quantity. The empty cupules are not the part with the problem in them. The shape is what earns them their place. A cupule is a fruit case that has already done its job and split, so it sits on the substrate as four stiff lobes half-closed over a cavity, and that cavity is scaled to a springtail or a newly released juvenile, not to an adult. As the cupules soften they take on biofilm, and for springtails the biofilm is as much of the attraction as the case. They also look like what they are, which plastic decor never manages. Beech litter is slow stuff. It is high in lignin, low in nutrients and has a wide carbon to nitrogen ratio, which puts it in the same camp as oak and well behind ash, lime or sycamore for speed of breakdown. In an enclosure that counts as a feature. Cupules persist for a long time, feeding into the decomposition cycle gradually rather than collapsing into mush in a fortnight, so they hold their structure as cover while they slowly become food. They are not a primary diet and should not be treated as one. No preparation needed Ours are naturally shed, collected in the UK, cleaned, and then held in the freezer a full three days before they go out. That deals with mites, eggs and the other passengers that come with anything gathered outdoors, so they can go straight into the enclosure with no soaking, baking or further sterilising. Scatter them across the surface or tuck them in among leaf litter and bark. There is no reason to bury them; they work where the animals can reach them. To see where these cases sit beside lotus pods, bark and the other extras we stock, our guide to botanicals for isopods and millipedes sets out what each one does and the preparation each needs. Top up now and then as the older ones soften and disappear. They suit springtail cultures, isopod setups, millipede enclosures and anyone building a bioactive tank that should look like a forest floor. Not essential kit by any measure, but a simple way to add structure that behaves the way the real thing does. A handful covers a starter tub and they store dry indefinitely. Pair them with leaf litter, cork bark and a good substrate.
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