The Seedless Red Maple With Long-Lasting Red-Purple Fall Color Brandywine Red Maple (Acer rubrum 'Brandywine') is a U.S. National Arboretum introduction prized for its late, long-lasting fall display that deepens from brilliant red to rich purple-burgundy. It's a seedless male clone — no messy samaras — with a tidy oval-rounded crown, and it's tough, adaptable to clay and wetter ground, and reliably cold-hardy. Whether you want a clean fall-color specimen in Minnetonka, a low-litter tree over a Bloomington patio, or a dependable shade tree in Lakeville, Brandywine delivers a long, vivid autumn with none of the seed cleanup. Brandywine Red Maple Plant Details Attribute Detail Scientific Name Acer rubrum 'Brandywine' Common Names Brandywine Red Maple, Red Maple, Swamp Maple Mature Height 30–40 feet Mature Width 25–30 feet Growth Rate Moderate to fast — about 1.5–2.5 feet per year in Minnesota Sun Full sun (6+ hrs); tolerates light afternoon shade Water Moderate. Tolerates average rainfall and handles wet or poorly drained sites better than most shade trees. USDA Zones 4–8 (Twin Cities is zone 4b–5a) Soil Highly adaptable. Prefers slightly acidic, moist loam but tolerates Minnesota clay-loam and wet ground. Can show leaf yellowing (chlorosis) in very high-pH soils. Foliage Deciduous — seedless (no messy samaras); tidy oval-rounded crown Fall Color Late, long-lasting — deepens from brilliant red to rich purple-burgundy Winter Hardiness Reliably hardy through USDA zone 4 — proven in Twin Cities winters Deer Resistance Moderately deer-resistant; protect the trunk from buck rub the first 2 winters Native Status Red maple (Acer rubrum) is native to eastern and southeastern Minnesota; 'Brandywine' is a U.S. National Arboretum selection Brandywine Red Maple Uses in Minnesota Landscapes Long-Season Fall-Color Specimen Brandywine's calling card is the extended autumn show — it colors later than most red maples and holds its red-to-purple foliage longer, stretching out the fall display in your front yard well past the early-turning trees. Clean, Seedless Patio and Boulevard Tree As a seedless male selection, Brandywine drops no helicopter seeds, making it an excellent low-litter choice over patios, drives, and boulevards. Its modest size and tidy crown suit mid-size Twin Cities lots. Shade Tree for Smaller Yards At a mature 30–40 feet, Brandywine fits properties that can't take a full-size maple, giving dependable shade and standout color without overwhelming the space — a good emerald-ash-borer replacement on tighter lots. Wet and Low-Lying Sites Like other red maples (also called swamp maple), Brandywine tolerates the soggy, poorly drained corners of a property better than most shade trees — handy for low spots and rain-garden edges. Best Time to Plant Brandywine Red Maple in Minnesota Plant in spring (late April–May, after the ground thaws) for a full growing season of root establishment, or in early fall (late August–early October) while the soil is still warm. Get it in the ground at least six weeks before the ground freezes — typically mid-November in the Twin Cities. Avoid mid-summer planting in heat and humidity. Hardy deciduous trees and shrubs, including balled-and-burlapped stock, plant successfully through the end of October, and in spring once the ground thaws in late April. How to Plant Brandywine Red Maple Dig wide, not deep — 2–3x the root ball width but only as deep as the ball is tall, so the root flare sits at or slightly above grade. Check drainage — Brandywine tolerates wet soil, but if water pools and never drains, break through any clay hardpan or mound-plant slightly. Backfill with the native soil mixed with 20–30% compost; don't create a pure-compost "container" the roots won't leave. Spacing — give a single specimen 20–25 feet of clearance; space a row or allee 25–30 feet apart. Build a 3–4 inch watering ring to direct water to the roots, then flatten it before winter so it doesn't trap ice. Mulch with 2–3 inches of shredded bark or wood chips in a wide ring, kept 2 inches off the trunk. Never use gravel mulch in Minnesota — it doesn't insulate roots. Watering Brandywine Red Maple in Minnesota First Year Watering Schedule Weeks 1–2: water deeply and slowly every 1–2 days. Month 1–2: every 3–4 days. Month 3–6: every 5–7 days during active growth, easing off when rainfall is adequate (the Twin Cities average about 3 inches a month from June through August). Stop watering 2–3 weeks before the ground freezes — usually late October — so the tree doesn't push tender growth heading into winter. After Year One An established Brandywine largely cares for itself, needing supplemental water only during extended droughts (two-plus weeks with no rain and temps above 80°F). Soak deeply to 8–12 inches every 7–14 days during dry spells and let natural rainfall do the rest. Will Brandywine Red Maple survive a Minnesota winter? Yes. It's a red maple rated to USDA zone 4 and is reliably hardy in Twin Cities winters. Wrap the young trunk the first winter to prevent sunscald and buck rub. Does it make a mess of seeds? No. Brandywine is a seedless male selection, so it skips the helicopter-seed drop of seedling red maples — a real plus over patios and drives. Why does its fall color last so long? Brandywine was selected for late, persistent color that deepens from red to purple-burgundy and holds on the tree longer than most red maples, extending the autumn display. Is it native to Minnesota? Red maple (Acer rubrum) is native to eastern and southeastern Minnesota and across eastern North America. 'Brandywine' is a U.S. National Arboretum selection bred for color and seedlessness. Does it handle clay and wet soil? Yes — better than most shade trees. Its wild ancestor grows in swampy bottomlands, so it tolerates heavy clay-loam and wet ground; in very alkaline soil a slightly acidic amendment helps prevent leaf yellowing. You May Also Like Scarlet Jewell Red Maple — a tidy red maple with early, brilliant scarlet fall color. Autumn Radiance Red Maple — a symmetrical red maple with bright orange-red fall color. Red Sunset Red Maple — a larger, fast-growing red maple with brilliant orange-red fall color. Northwood Red Maple — a University of Minnesota red maple bred for extreme cold-hardiness. Firefall Maple — a seedless University of Minnesota Freeman maple with red-orange fall color. How Many Brandywine Red Maple Do I Need? Brandywine is a specimen shade tree — one is usually right, planted 20–25 feet from the house, driveway, and other large trees so the 25–30 foot crown develops evenly. For a row along a long drive or property line, space trees 25–30 feet on center (a 90-foot run takes 4 trees). Planting an early-coloring red maple like Scarlet Jewell nearby stretches your total fall show to six weeks or more, since Brandywine turns late. Brandywine Red Maple Season-by-Season in Minnesota Spring: Small red flowers tint the bare crown in April — with no messy seeds to follow — then fresh green leaves fill the tidy oval canopy. Summer: Clean, dark-green foliage casts dependable shade and shrugs off wet feet in soggy summers. Fall: The main event — color arrives later than other red maples, ignites brilliant red, then deepens to purple-burgundy and holds for weeks. Winter: Smooth gray bark and a symmetrical branch structure give a clean silhouette; wrap the young trunk against sunscald the first couple of winters. At a Glance ✔ Minnesota Native ✔ Rain-Garden / Wet-Soil ✔ Four-Season Interest Plant It With Scarlet Jewell Red Maple — turns early and brilliant scarlet, so the pair bookends the entire fall season. Red Sunset Red Maple — a larger, faster red maple for the back of the property where scale allows. Northwood Red Maple — the University of Minnesota's ultra-hardy red maple for exposed or colder sites nearby. Firefall Maple — another seedless U of M selection, keeping the whole planting litter-free. Is Brandywine Red Maple Right for Your Yard? Choose Brandywine if you want a clean, seedless shade tree with the longest-lasting red-to-purple fall color of any red maple — especially over patios and drives, or in low, occasionally wet ground where other shade trees struggle. It's not a fit for strongly alkaline soils: in high-pH ground its leaves can yellow with chlorosis, and a hackberry or linden will look better with less fuss.
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