Overview This book continues the ‘Notes’ series for cadets and junior officers and provides a valuable introduction to bulk carriers, discussing vessel types, cargoes and trade. This publication provides a good modern introduction to bulk carriers and bulk cargoes, including cargo loading, draught survey, ballast water management, the voyage and cargo discharging. It also discuss the bulk trade and is illustrated with case studies. Content 1.1 Introduction1.2 Bulk Carrier Design1.2.1 Longitudinal Divisions1.2.2 Cargo Holds and Hatches1.2.3 Ballast Tanks1.2.4 Fuel Tanks1.2.5 Cargo Gear1.2.6 Service speeds and fuel consumption1.3 Types of Bulk Carriers by Size1.3.1 Classification Society Notations for Bulk Carriers1.4 Types of Bulk Carriers According to Trade1.4.1 Ore Carriers1.4.2 Oil/Bulk/Ore – OBO Ships1.4.3 Self-Unloader Bulk Carriers1.4.4 Open Hatch Bulk Carriers (OHBCs)1.4.5 Forest Product Carriers1.5 Hybrid Configuration (HyCon) Bulk Carriers1.6 Stresses in Bulk Carriers1.6.1 Hull Stress Monitoring System (HSMS) in Bulk Carriers1.7 Structural Problems Associated with Bulk Carriers1.7.1 Corrosion1.7.2 Metal Fatigue1.7.3 Operational Factors1.7.4 Precautions to Overcome Structural Problems1.7.5 Strengthening of Bulk Carriers1.8 Structural Standards for Bulk Carriers2 Bulk Cargoes2.1 Introduction2.2 Terminology Used in Bulk Cargo Operations2.3 Recommended Publications for Bulk Cargo Carriage2.3.1 The IMSBC Code2.3.2 The International Grain Code2.3.3 The SLU Code2.4 Intact Stability Criteria According to the International Load Line Convention2.4.1 Intact Stability Criteria for Dry Cargo Ships2.5 Hazards Associated with Bulk Cargoes2.5.1 Structural Damage due to High Density Cargoes2.5.2 Shifting of Cargo2.5.3 Liquefaction of Cargo2.5.4 Self-Heating and Spontaneous Combustion2.5.5 Generation of Gases2.5.6 Oxygen Depletion2.5.7 Corrosion and Other Chemical Hazards2.5.8 Compatibility between Different Cargoes2.5.9 Health Hazards from Dust2.6 Examples of Bulk Cargoes2.6.1 Grain2.6.2 Coal2.6.3 Iron Ore2.6.4 Timber2.6.5 Steel3 Bulk Trade3.1 The Voyage3.2 Voyage Orders/Instructions3.3 Charter Parties for Bulk Trade3.3.1 Time Charter3.3.2 Voyage Charter3.3.3 Contract of Affreightment (COA)3.4 Load Line Zones and Calculations3.4.1 Load Line Calculations4 Cargo Loading4.1 Hold Preparation4.1.1 Disposal of Dry Bulk Cargo Residues4.2 Silver Nitrate Test4.2.1 Cargo Hold Coatings4.2.2 Hatch Covers4.2.3 Other Parts of the Hatch Covers4.2.4 Other Openings to the Cargo Holds4.2.5 Stowage Planning4.2.6 Cargo Plans4.3 Ship Shore Information Exchange4.3.1 Information from Ship to Shore4.3.2 Information from Shore to Ship4.4 Cargo Samples when Loading4.5 Loading Methods4.5.1 Grabs4.5.2 Conveyors4.5.3 Stacker4.5.4 Reclaimer4.6 Fumigation4.6.1 Fumigant4.7 Cargo Documentation4.7.1 Mate’s Receipt4.7.2 Bill of Lading (B/L)4.7.3 Document of Compliance for the Carriage of Solid Bulk Cargoes4.7.4 Document of Authorisation for the Carriage of Grain in Bulk4.7.5 Grain Loading Manual and other Stability Information4.7.6 Plant Health Certificate4.7.7 Certificate of Origin4.7.8 TML and Moisture Content Certificate4.7.9 Cargo Manifest4.7.10 Dangerous Cargo Manifest (DCM)4.7.11 Certificate of Hatch Sealing4.7.12 Certificate of Quantity/Quality/Weight4.7.13 Empty Hold Certificate4.7.14 Cargo Trimming Certificate4.7.15 Permit to Discharge Ballast Water4.7.16 Cargo Hold Coating Compliance Certificate4.7.17 Damage Report/Form4.8 Loading Cargo During Rain4.8.1 Other Hazards5 Draught Survey5.1 Objective of Draught Survey5.2 Steps for Draught Survey5.3 Reading Draughts5.3.1 Reading Draughts in Swell Without an Instrument5.3.2 Using Draught Measurement Equipment5.3.3 Precautions for Taking Draught Readings5.4 Taking Density5.4.1 Density of Water5.4.2 Using a Hydrometer for Measurement of Density5.4.3 Precautions when using a Hydrometer5.4.4 Density of Cargo5.5 Cargo Weight, Volume and Ullage Measurement5.6 Bunker Quantity Estimation5.7 Precautions During Draught Survey5.8.1 Definitions5.8.2 Deductibles5.8.3 List Correction5.8.4 Draught Corrections5.8.5 Hull Deflection Correction5.8.6 Trim Corrections5.8.7 Density Correction5.8.8 Worked Example Draught Survey5.9 Deadweight Surveys6 Ballast Water Management6.1 Ballast Water Exchange Methods6.1.1 Exchange Methods6.1.2 Ballast Treatment6.1.3 Controlled Ballast6.2 Ballast Water Exchange Requirements6.3 Ballast Water Management System6.3.1 BWM Certificate and Inspections6.3.2 Ballast Water Record Book7 The Voyage7.1 Conditions of Carriage7.1.1 Incoterms - International Commercial Terms7.1.2 Hague and Hague-Visby Rules7.2 Ventilation7.3 Discharging Hold Bilges7.4 Periodic Checks7.4.1 Departure from the Loading Port7.4.2 Cargo Care on Passage7.4.3 Physical Inspection of Vessel7.4.4 Arrival at the Discharge Port7.5 Logs and Record Keeping7.6 BLU Manual7.7 Bulk Carrier Loading Manual8 Cargo Discharging8.1 Discharging Plan8.2 Arrival at the Discharge Port8.3 Notice of Readiness8.4 Cargo Samples when Discharging8.5 Cargo Calculation - Draught Survey8.6 Discharging Methods8.6.1 Grabs8.6.2 Vacuators8.7 Cargo Damage Surveys8.8 Hold Damage SurveysAppendicesAcronyms and AbbreviationsCase Studies Details Title: Bulk Carrier NotesNumber of Pages: 188Product Code: 4370ISBN: ISBN 13: 978-1-85609-399-6 (9781856093996), ISBN 10: 1-85609-399-9 (1856093999)Published Date: August 2010Binding Format: PaperbackBook Height: 235 mmBook Width: 155 mmBook Spine: 12 mmWeight: 0.50 kgAuthor: Abdul Khalique
