Recognition and diagnosis of child abuse and neglect are essential components of pediatric care, forming the foundation for protecting vulnerable children. Healthcare providers—including physicians, nurses, and allied professionals—play a central role in identifying, evaluating, and responding to cases of suspected abuse or neglect. Confidence and competence in recognizing warning signs are critical to ensuring timely intervention and safeguarding the child’s well-being. Key Features Identification of Non-Accidental Injuries: Guidance on recognizing physical, behavioral, and psychological indicators of child abuse, including bruising patterns, burns, fractures, and other suspicious injuries. Clinical Assessment: Step-by-step recommendations for evaluating children with suspected abuse, including history-taking, physical examination, and documentation. Differential Diagnosis: Strategies for distinguishing accidental injuries from non-accidental trauma, and considering medical conditions that may mimic abuse. Multidisciplinary Approach: Emphasis on collaboration with social services, law enforcement, and child protection teams to ensure comprehensive care and reporting. Legal and Ethical Considerations: Overview of mandatory reporting laws, ethical responsibilities, and best practices for maintaining confidentiality and supporting families. Preventive Measures and Education: Information on counseling families, risk factors for abuse, and strategies to prevent recurrence.
