Cambridge University Press, 9/3/2007EAN 9780521856485, ISBN10: 0521856485Hardcover, 374 pages, 22.6 x 16 x 2.8 cmLanguage: EnglishOriginally published in EnglishWithout inductive reasoning, we couldn't generalize from one instance to another, derive scientific hypotheses, or predict that the sun will rise again tomorrow morning. Despite the widespread nature of inductive reasoning, books on this topic are rare. Indeed, this is the first book on the psychology of inductive reasoning in twenty years. The chapters survey recent advances in the study of inductive reasoning and address questions about how it develops, the role of knowledge in induction, how best to model people's reasoning, and how induction relates to other forms of thinking. Written by experts in philosophy, developmental science, cognitive psychology, and computational modeling, the contributions here will be of interest to a general cognitive science audience as well as to those with a more specialized interest in the study of thinking.Preface Aidan Feeney and Evan Heit1. What is induction and why study it? Evan Heit2. The development of inductive reasoning Brett K. Hayes3. Interpreting asymmetries of projection in children's inductive reasoning Douglas Medin and Sandra Waxman4. Property generalization as causal reasoning Bob Rehder5. Availability in category-based induction Patrick Shafto, John Coley and Anna Vitkin6. From similarity to chance Sergey Blok, Daniel Osherson and Douglas Medin7. Theory-based Bayesian models of inductive reasoning Joshua Tenenbaum, Charles Spence and Patrick Shafto8. Use of single or multiple categories in category-based induction Gregory Murphy and Brian Ross9. Abductive inferenceFrom philosophical analysis to neutral mechanisms Paul Thagard10. Mathematical induction and induction in mathematics Lance Rips and Jennifer Asmuth11. Induction, deduction, and argument strength in human reasoning and argumentation Mike Oaksford and Ulrike Hahn12. Individual differences, dual processes, and induction Aidan Feeney13. Taxonomising induction Steve Sloman.
