Development expert Easterly has gathered top scholars in the field to discuss how to improve foreign aid. These authors, Easterly points out, are not claiming that their ideas will ''Make Poverty History.'' Rather, they take on specific problems and propose some hard-headed solutions. Easterly himself, in an expansive and impassioned introductory chapter, makes a case for the ''searchers''-who explore solutions by trial and error and learn from feedback-over the ''planners''-who throw an endless supply of resources at a big goal-as the most likely to reduce poverty. Other writers look at scientific evaluation of aid projects (including randomized trials); consider how to deal with the government of the recipient state; examine the roles of the International Monetary Fund; and analyze some new and innovative proposals for distributing aid.