Research studies have demonstrated that beetroots are a uniquely rich source of phytonutrient pigments collectively known as betalains. Betalains are nitrogen-containing, water-soluble plant pigments which exert a wide range of desirable biological activities, including antioxidant, qualities and cardiovascular-protective properties. Recent studies on beetroot's role in cardiovascular health has cited nitrate as the key component responsible for these benefits. Researchers found that nitrate from beetroot increased levels of nitric oxide within the body. Nitric oxide signals the smooth muscle fibres to relax, which increases blood flow, subsequently improving circulation and reducing blood pressure. Beetroot also contains various carotenoids, iron, potassium, fibre, vitamin C, folic acid and betaine.
