Yttrium metal ingot - one troy ounce - .995 bullion First identified by Carl Axel Arrhenius in 1787 as a coal-like mineral in a Swedish feldspar and quartz mine in the outskirts of Ytterby, yttrium was the first of the rare earth elements to be discovered. In 2013 worldwide production of yttrium oxide was about 710 tonnes with only a few tonnes being converted to our metal form each year. It along with the other rare earth elements, sit atop the British Geological Survey's Risk List. Yttrium has numerous industrial uses including in YAG lasers, synthetic garnets, microwave filters, in the production of LEDs and phosphors in LCDs and CRTs, in automobile ignition and exhaust systems, in high temperature superconductor wires, as the chemotherapeutic agent Y-90, in metallurgy to improve the properties of several metals and is also used to improve ceramics and glass. Inscribed on our ingots are the chemical symbol (Y), purity (99.5%), weight (one troy ounce), and a serial number (this number is unique and will vary). On the reverse is our logo. These ingots are lightly polished, similar to the one pictured. There are often light ridges on the edges making them not appear as smooth as the ingot pictured. There can also be tiny edge dings, like surface scratches and other small imperfections which do not detract from the inherent value of this rare earth metal. Like the other rare earth metals we have chosen to offer, oxidation is typically not a big problem with yttrium, though these ingots can still oxidize as evident by their slightly yellowish cast. They are best stored in a cool, dry place. Weight and purity are guaranteed by Rare World Metals Mint. If the powder form of yttrium is inhaled or it's water soluble compounds are ingested, toxicity can occur. It's fine turnings or powder form can also ignite in air when heated. The solid metal form we sell is considered safe. As we suggest with all of our metals please keep in a safe place, do not ingest, and keep out of the reach of children. Each ingot will be shipped with an assay certificate and with our velvet logo bag for storage. If you are not completely satisfied with any purchase from us, you have 30 days to return it for a full refund (buyer to pay return shipping). Domestic shipping is free for all orders over $199 (enter code free shipping at checkout). For orders of $199 or under, domestic shipping is $9.95. International shipping is via DHL, FedEx, or USPS international express and costs $45 for shipments up to a pound (9 one ounce ingots or less including packaging materials) and $10 for each additional pound. International customers please be aware that your country may levy import duties and/or VAT taxes on your purchase from us. We have nothing to do with this and cannot pay it for you. If you refuse our package because of this extra cost we will take it back and will refund your order in full once received minus the cost of the return shipping. If you are unsure what these import costs will be please check with your country's customs office. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yttrium http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance_of_elements_in_Earth%27s_crust https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/513472/1/Risk_List_2015_FINAL.pdf
