Bcakground Hepatocyte Growth Factor(HGF) , also known as Scatter Factor and Hepatopoietin A, is a pleiotropic protein in the Plasminogen subfamily of S1 peptidases. It is a multidomain molecule that includes an N-terminal PAN/APPLE-like domain, four Kringle domains, and a serine proteinase-like domain that has no detectable protease activity (1 - 5). Mouse HGF is secreted as an inactive 728 amino acid (aa) single chain propeptide. It is cleaved after the fourth Kringle domain by a serine protease to form bioactive disulfide-linked HGF with a 60 kDa alpha and 30 kDa beta chain. Alternate splicing generates an isoform that lacks the peptidase and the second, third, and fourth Kringle domains. Mouse HGF shares 91% - 95% aa sequence identity with bovine, canine, feline, human, and rat HGF. HGF binds heparan-sulfate proteoglycans and the widely expressed receptor tyrosine kinase, HGF R/c-MET (6, 7). HGF-dependent c-MET activation is implicated in the development of many human cancers (8). HGF regulates epithelial morphogenesis by inducing cell scattering and branching tubulogenesis (9, 10). HGF induces the up-regulation of integrin alpha 2 beta 1 in epithelial cells by a selective increase in alpha 2 gene transcription (11). This integrin serves as a collagen I receptor, and its blockade disrupts epithelial cell branching tubulogenesis (11, 12). HGF can also alter epithelium morphology by the induction of nectin-1 alpha ectodomain shedding, an adhesion protein component of adherens junctions (13). In the thyroid, HGF induces the proliferation, motility, and loss of differentiation markers of thyrocytes and inhibits TSH-stimulated iodine uptake (14). Reference 1. Karihaloo, A. et al. (2005) Nephron Exp. Nephrol. 100:e40. 2. Hammond, D.E. et al. (2004) Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 286:21. 3. Rosario, M. and W. Birchmeier (2004) Dev. Cell 7:3. 4. Lesk, A.M. and W.D. Fordham (1996) J. Mol. Biol. 258:501. 5. Sasaki, M. et al. (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 199:772. 6. Mizuno, K., et al. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269:1131. 7. Gheradi, E. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:12039. 8. Corso, S. et al. (2005) Trends Mol. Med. 11:284. 9. Maeshima, A. et al. (2000) Kid. Int. 58:1511. 10. Montesano, R. et al. (1991) Cell 67:901. 11. Chiu, S-J. et al. (2002) J. Biomed. Sci. 9:261. 12. Saelman, E.U.M. et al. (1995) J. Cell Sci. 108:3531. 13. Tanaka, Y. et al. (2002) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 299:472. 14. Mineo, R. et al. (1994) Endocrinology 145:4355. Specifications Synonyms F-TCF; hepatocyte growth factor (hepapoietin A; scatter factor); Hepatopoeitin-A; Hepatopoietin A; HGF Accession # Q08048 Source Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse HGF protein Gln33-Arg495 (alpha) & Val496-Leu728 (beta) Predicted Moleucular weight 79.3kDa Components and Storage Formulation Solution protein Dissolved in sterile PBS buffer This solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. Storage and Stability Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. Shipping Shipping with dry ice Quality Purity > 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE Endotoxin Level
