Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) has been a well-known source of traditional medicine since the 16th century and has been especially valued in Asian, American and Eastern European countries for its varied therapeutic properties. Historically, Chaga tinctures were popular preparations in North and Middle Russia and were used for the prophylaxis and treatment of gastric disorders and cancer. In Siberia, Chaga has been medicinally prized for managing liver ailments, worms, stomach problems (e.g. gastritis, pain, ulcers), tuberculosis and as a general pain reliever, blood tonic and purifier. Chaga has also been employed to regenerate deteriorated organs and glands, boost physical stamina and attain long life. In modern times, Chaga is renowned as a supreme immunomodulating, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and tonic medicinal mushroom that is primarily utilised to prevent and treat cancer, immune dysregulation, cardiometabolic conditions, gastrointestinal conditions and psoriasis.